Ukunciphisa izindleko emisebenzini yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kubalulekile emabhizinisini afuna ukugcina ukuncintisana nemikhawulo enenzuzo. Ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa okuncane ezinqubweni kungaholela ekongeni okukhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho umthamo mkhulu. Lesi sihloko sichaza izindlela ezingokoqobo zokunciphisa izindleko, okubandakanya izindlela zokusebenza, ukuthenga, ezokuthutha, kanye namasu abasebenzi asebenza kuzo zonke izimakethe. Abafundi bazofunda ukuthi bangahlola kanjani izinto ezibangela izindleko zamanje, bashintshe izindlela zokunciphisa izindleko ekuthengeni, futhi bamukele ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuchitha. Isiqondiso senzelwe ukuthi sisebenze ezinkampanini ezihweba, ezithumela izimpahla, kanye namaqembu okuthenga emikhiqizweni nasekusabalaliseni.

Abathengi bangaphandle nabathengisi bangaphandle babhekene nezinselelo eziningi ezikhuphula izindleko, njengezintengo zokuthutha ezishintshashintshayo, ukubambezeleka kwamasiko, nokuntengantenga kwezimali. Ukungaboni kahle kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kuvame ukubangela ukuthunyelwa okungadingekile okusheshisiwe kanye nezindleko zokugcina impahla, okudicilela phansi imizamo yokwehlisa izindleko. Izindleko ezihlobene nabasebenzi kanye nokuhamba kwabasebenzi okuningi kungakhuphula nezindleko ezingaqondile, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokwehlisa ukuhamba kwabasebenzi zibalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza. Esinye isinye isinye esivamile yizindlela zokuthenga ezihlakazekile ezivimbela izinhlangano ukuthi zingaxoxisani ngemibandela evumayo nokusebenzisa ubukhulu bokukhiqiza. Ukuthola lezi zinselelo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokusebenzisa ukwehliswa kwezindleko okuhloswe ngakho nokwehlisa amanani ngaphandle kokulimaza amazinga enkonzo.

Ukuhlaziywa okunamandla kwe-supply chain kwembula lapho amathuba aphezulu okonga khona, okuvumela ukunemba emizamweni yokunciphisa izindleko. Hlela ukuhamba okuphelele kusuka kumphakeli kuya kumthengi futhi ulinganise izikhathi zokuholela, izinto ezigciniwe zesikhashana, namaphuzu okuxhumana engeza izindleko. Sebenzisa izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile njengezindleko zokufika ngeyunithi, ukujikeleza kwempahla, namazinga okulethwa ngesikhathi ukuze ulinganise ukusebenza futhi ubeke phambili izinyathelo. Ukumodela kwezimo kanye nokuhlola izindleko zokuba nazo zonke izinto kusiza ukuqhathanisa ezinye izindlela njengokuthola abahlinzeki eduze, ukuhlanganisa abahlinzeki, noma izinguquko ekupakisheni ukuze kunqunywe indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa izindleko. Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuzogcina izinzuzo futhi kuvimbele ukubuyela emuva ezindleleni ezingasebenzi kahle.

Ubuchwepheshe budlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni kube lula ukunciphisa izindleko ngokuqhubekayo ngokwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala, nokuhlinzeka ngedatha esebenzisekayo. Izinhlelo zokuphatha izindawo zokugcina izimpahla nezinhlelo zokuphatha ezokuthutha zinciphisa amaphutha enziwa ngesandla, zisheshe ukucubungula, futhi zithuthukise ukuhlela imizila ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zezimpahla. Amapulatifomu edijithali wokuthenga nokuthola izinto enza kube lula ukuqhathanisa abahlinzeki ngokucacile, ukunikeza izicelo zokunikeza izimpahla ngogesi, nokuthola amanani ashintshashintshayo, okusekela amasu okunciphisa izindleko ekuthengeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa izibalo kanye nokubikezela izidingo kunciphisa isitokwe eseqile kanye nesidingo sokuthunyelwa okwenziwa ngomzuzu wokugcina okwandisa izindleko. Ukutshala imali kuhlelo lobuchwepheshe olufanele kunikeza kokubili ukonga okusebenzayo kanye nokuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kwamakhasimende okufanele ukuchitha imali yokuqala.

Ukuxoxisana kahle nabathengisi kuyindlela esebenzayo yokwehlisa amanani nokuthola izimo ezivumayo zezinkontileka ezinciphisa izindleko ezithwalwa yilethuluzi lokuhambisa izimpahla. Ukuhlanganisa izindleko nabathengisi abaqavile kudala amandla okuxoxisana ukuze uthole izaphulelo ezisekelwe ngobungako, izimo ezithuthukisiwe zokukhokha, kanye nezidingo ezincishisiwe zobungako obuncane bokuhleleka. Sebenzisa inqubo yokuthenga ehlelekile ehlanganisa amakhadi okuhlola abathengisi, ukuncintisana ngokunikeza izintengo, kanye nokubuyekezwa njalo kokusebenza ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi abathengisi bayakwazi ukuletha izindleko ezivumelwanayo namazinga ezinsizakalo. Cabanga ngobudlelwano ukuze uhlanganyele emizamweni yokwehlisa izindleko, njengokuhambisa izimpahla ngokuhlanganyela noma ukuklama kabusha ukupakisha, okunganciphisa izindleko zombili izinhlangothi futhi kuqinise ubudlelwano nabathengisi. Amaqembu okuthenga kufanele alinganise intengo nokwethembeka kanye nezindleko zokujikeleza konke ukuze ugweme izindleko ezifihliwe ezikhansela ukonga okwesikhashana.

Ukuphathwa kahle kwezinto zokuthutha (logistics optimization) kuthinta ngqo izindleko zebhizinisi lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle; ngakho-ke, ukwenza lula ezokuthutha kubalulekile lapho kuhloswe ukunciphisa izindleko. Ukuhlanganisa izimpahla, ukuphatha kahle iziqukathi, nokukhetha izindlela ezifanele zokuthutha kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokuthutha ngesikhathi. Xoxisana ngezinkontileka nabathwali ngezilinganiso ezicacile zokusebenza futhi ucabange ngezivumelwano zeminyaka eminingi ukuze uvikele amanani ezikhathini ezingazinzile zemakethe. Ukusebenzisa amamodeli okusabalalisa ama-hub-and-spoke, i-cross-docking, nokuthutha ngokubambisana nabalingani kunciphisa ukuphathwa nezikhathi zokuhamba, okunciphisa izindleko kakhudlwana. Lezi zindlela zokuphatha izinto zokuthutha ziphinde zisize ukunciphisa isidingo sezokuthutha nge-air freight esheshayo, okufaka isandla ekunciphisweni kwezindleko okuzinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuphathwa kwezimpahla (Inventory) kuyinto enkulu ehlobene nomsebenzi wokuhweba nezindleko kubathengi nabathengisi bangaphandle; ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwezimpahla kubalulekile ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukisa insizakalo. Yamukela indlela yokugcwalisa ngokwesidingo kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuphathwa kwezimpahla ezincane (lean inventory) ukuze unciphise izimpahla eziningi ngokweqile ngenkathi ugwema ukuntuleka kwezimpahla okudinga izindlela zokubuyisela izimpahla ezibizayo. Hlukanisa izimpahla ngokobukhulu bezindleko kanye nesivinini sokudayisa bese usebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ezihlukene—izinto ezibiza kakhulu noma ezidayisa kancane zingadinga izilawuli eziqinile namasu okuthola izimpahla ezihlukene ukunciphisa izindleko zokugcina. Sebenzisa ukubuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuthuthukisa isitokwe esiphephile (safety stock), kanye nezivumelwano zokuphathwa kwezimpahla ngomthengisi (vendor-managed inventory) lapho kufanele khona ukudlulisa noma ukwabelana ngesibopho sezimpahla. Lezi zindlela ezinhle kakhulu zinciphisa izindleko zokugcina futhi zithuthukisa ukuphathwa kwemali engenayo ezinkampanini ezihweba ngempahla.

Izibonelo ezingokoqobo zigqamisa ukuthi amasu ahlukahlukene ahlanganiswa kanjani ukuze kufezekiswe ukuncishiswa kwezindleko okubalulekile emisebenzini yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle. Umthumeli wangaphandle owodwa wehlise izindleko ezitholakele ngokuhlanganisa abahlinzeki nokuxoxisana kabusha ngemibandela yezimpahla, ukufeza izindleko eziphansi zomuntu ngamunye kanye nokuthuthukisa ukungaguquguquki kokulethwa. Enye inkampani yethula uhlelo lokuphatha ezokuthutha futhi yathuthukisa ukuhlelwa komzila, okwehlise ukuchitha kwezinto zokuhambisa izimpahla futhi kwanciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi esisodwa. Enye inhlangano yethula amakhadi amaphuzu okusebenza komhlinzeki kanye nokuklanywa kabusha kwezinto zokupakisha ngokubambisana, okulethe ukonga kwezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo ngenkathi kuvunyelwa ukudlula okusheshayo. Lezi zifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuthenga, ukuthuthukisa ezokuhambisa izimpahla, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe kuphumela ekunciphisweni okulinganisekayo ezindlekweni zokusebenza.

Amacebo omsebenzi womuntu avame ukunganakwa ezinhlelweni zokunciphisa izindleko, kodwa ukunciphisa ukushintsha kwabasebenzi kungaletha ukonga okukhulu ngokunciphisa izindleko zokuqasha, ukuqeqesha, nokuhlukunyezwa komkhiqizo. Ukutshala imali ekuzibandakanyeni kwabasebenzi, imigudu yokusebenza ecacile, nokuqeqeshwa okuhloswe kukhuphula ukugcinwa kwabasebenzi futhi kwakha ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza obusekela ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle. Ukuqeqesha abasebenzi izinto ezahlukene kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka futhi kunciphisa ukuncika emisebenzini yesikhashana ngezikhathi eziphakeme, okwenza kunciphe izindleko zokusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe nezokulungela. Izenzo ezisebenzayo ze-HR zihambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe, ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukonga izindleko kungahlala njalo futhi kungene ezisebenzini zansuku zonke. Ukuhlanganisa ukuzinza kwabasebenzi nezinqubo ezihlelekile kukhuphula umthelela wezinye izinyathelo zokunciphisa izindleko.

Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko ekungeniseni nasekuphumeni kwempahla kudingeka indlela ehlelekile ehlanganisa ukulungiswa kwezokuthenga, ukusebenza kahle kwezinto zokuhambisa, ukuziphatha kahle kwezinto ezithengiwe, ukuzinza kwabasebenzi, nokutshalwa kwezimali okukhethiwe kwezobuchwepheshe. Izinhlangano kufanele zinikeze izinto ezizothola inzuzo enkulu ngokutshalwa kwezimali, zilinganise imiphumela ngokuqinile, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuphatha kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa eziqhubekayo. Amasu esikhathi esizayo ahlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezibalo ezibikezelayo, izinkundla ezibambisanayo zokuhambisa izimpahla, kanye nobudlelwano bama-supplier abalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izinzuzo zezindleko ezimakethe eziguqukayo. Izinkampani ezifana ne-海口旭辉强盛进出口有限公司 zingazuza kulezi zindlela ngokwenza izinqubo zokuthenga zibe semthethweni, ukulandela ukuhlanganiswa kwama-supplier lapho kungenzeka khona, nokusebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala nokunciphisa izindleko zokuhweba sezizonke.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngenkampani noma ukuhlola imikhiqizo namasevisi ahlobene nokuhweba kwamanye amazwe, sicela uvakashele izinsiza zethu zangaphakathi njenge-Home kanye ne-Products ukuze ubone ukuthi izincazelo zenqubo kanye nohlu lwemikhiqizo kungahambisana kanjani nezinjongo zokunciphisa izindleko. Ukubuyekeza amakhasi e-About Us kanye ne-News kungase futhi kunikeze umongo wamasu enkampani kanye nezinye izinyathelo zakamuva ezisekela ukunciphisa izindleko. Lapho usebenzisa izinguquko, qala ngokugxila kuphayilothi kumugqa womkhiqizo owodwa noma indlela yokuhweba ukuze uqinisekise ukonga okubikezelwe ngaphambi kokukala kulo lonke inhlangano. Ukuthunyelwa okuyimpinda ngezilinganiso ezicacile kuqinisekisa ukuncishiswa okuzinzile kwezindleko zokusebenza kanye nokuncintisana okuthuthukisiwe emakethe yomhlaba.

Izinsiza zangaphakathi: Ikhaya, Imikhiqizo, Mayelana Nathi, Izindaba, isigaba, ulwazi lwenkampani, Ukusekelwa.